Charles Lenox Remond is born in Salem, Massachusetts to free parents. He will become one of the most prominent of the African American abolitionist crusaders. Charles Remond will begin his activism in opposition to slavery while in his twenties as an orator speaking at public gatherings and Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, will choose him as one of its agents. As a delegate from the American Anti-Slavery Society, he will go with William Lloyd Garrison to the World’s Anti-Slavery Convention in London in 1840. He will have a reputation as an eloquent lecturer and reported to be the first Black public speaker on abolition. He will recruit Black soldiers in Massachusetts for the Union Army during the Civil War, particularly for the famed 54th and 55th Massachusetts Infantry. He will also be active in recruiting for the U.S. Colored Troops. After the Civil War ends, he will work as a clerk in the Boston Customs House, and as a street lamp inspector. He will later purchase a farm in South Reading (now Wakefield), Massachusetts. He will join the ancestors on December 22, 1873.
1851 – African American abolitionists invade a Boston courtroom and rescue a fugitive slave from federal authorities. The fugitive, Shadrach Minkins was about his job as a waiter in Boston when United States federal officers showed up at his workplace and arrested him. Minkins had escaped from slavery in Virginia the previous year. An act passed by Congress in 1850, the Fugitive Slave Law, had just been enacted, allowing slave holders to enlist the aid of the federal government in recapturing runaway slaves. The Minkins case is to be an early test of the new law. Within a few hours of his arrest, Minkins is brought before a federal commissioner. But as he is being led from the courtroom, a group of Boston African Americans overpower the guards and free him. He immediately disappears and is never seen in Boston again. With the help of the Underground Railroad, Minkins will travel north through New Hampshire and Vermont, crossing into Canada six days after his rescue. Out of reach of the U.S. government, Minkins will settle in Montreal, marry an Irish woman and raise two children before his death in 1875. Minkins’s rescue will come to symbolize the spirit of resistance to the legal institutions of the slave system.
2018 John F. Morgan Sr. Distinguished Faculty Lecture Carol Anderson, Charles Howard Candler Professor and Chair of African American Studies April 9, 2018
1879 – African American publisher Robert Lee Vann is born in Ahoskie, North Carolina. He will become a publisher, lawyer and the nurturing editor of the Black newspaper, The Pittsburgh Courier. He will attend Western University of Pennsylvania. He will graduate from Law School in June, 1909. In 1910, he will become the Pittsburgh Courier’s editor and publisher. Under his leadership, The Courier will develop into one of the leading Black newspapers of the era. By the 1930s, it will be one of the highest circulated Black newspapers in the United States.
As many as 14 different editions will be circulated throughout the country. He will become involved in politics throughout his association with The Courier. In 1918, he will be appointed the fourth assistant city solicitor in Pittsburgh, the highest position held by an African American in the city government. Initially a Republican, he will grow disillusioned with the party and convert to the Democratic Party. On September 11, 1932, he will deliver a famous speech at the St. James Literary Forum in Cleveland, Ohio entitled “The Patriot and the Partisan” and will urge African Americans throughout the nation to turn away from the Republican party which had failed them, and support the Democratic party of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 election. He will support Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 election, and will subsequently be named special assistant to the U.S. attorney general. In 1935, he will help campaign for the enactment of an equal rights law in the State of Pennsylvania. He will serve as editor and publisher of The Pittsburgh Courier until he joins the ancestors on October 24, 1940.
June 17, 1987 – Kendrick Lamar Duckworth is born in Compton, California. He will become a rapper, songwriter, and record producer. He will be regarded as one of the most skillful and successful hip hop artists of his generation. He will embark on his musical career as a teenager under the stage name K-Dot, releasing a mixtape that will garner local attention and lead to his signing with indie record label Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE). He will begin to gain recognition in 2010, after his first retail release, “Overly Dedicated.” The following year, he will independently release his first studio album, Section.80, which will include his debut single, “HiiiPoWeR.” By that time, he will have amassed a large online following and will collaborate with several prominent hip hop artists, including The Game, Busta Rhymes, and Snoop Dogg. His major label debut album, “Good Kid, M.A.A.D City,” will be released in 2012 by TDE, Aftermath, and Interscope Records to critical acclaim. It will debut at #2 on the US Billboard 200 and will be later certified platinum by the RIAA. The record will contain the top 40 singles “Swimming Pools (Drank)”, “Bitch, Don’t Kill My Vibe”, and “Poetic Justice”. His critically acclaimed third album, “To Pimp a Butterfly” (2015) will incorporate elements of funk, soul, jazz, and spoken word. It will debut atop the charts in the US and the UK, and will win the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 58th ceremony. In 2016, he will release “Untitled Unmastered,” a collection of unreleased demos that will originate during the recording sessions for Butterfly. He will release his fourth album “Damn” in 2017 to further acclaim; its lead single “Humble” topping the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. Aside from his solo career, he will be also known as a member of the West Coast hip hop super group Black Hippy, alongside his TDE label- mates and fellow South Los Angeles-based rappers Ab-Soul, Jay Rock, and Schoolboy Q. He will receive many accolades over the course of his career, including thirteen Grammy Awards. In early 2013, MTV will name him the “Hottest MC in the Game”, on their annual list. Time will name him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2016. In 2018, “Damn” will become the first non-classical and non-jazz album to be awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music.
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1899 – African Americans observe a day of fasting called by the National Afro-American Council to protest lynchings and racial massacres.
Wikipedia excerpt: National Afro-American Council
The National Afro-American Council, the first nationwide civil rights organization in the United States, was created in 1898 in Rochester, New York. Before its dissolution a decade later, the Council provided both the first national arena for discussion of critical issues for African Americans and a training ground for some of the nation’s most famous civil rights leaders in the 1910s, 1920s, and beyond.
The first time America seen a Black man being beaten savagely by police was March 3, 1991. Rodney King. Then April 17, 1993, A federal jury in Los Angeles convicts two former police officers of violating the civil rights of beaten. excerpt from Munirah.
The Breakfast Program started in 1969 because there was a need to feed children before school. Who started the first program to feed children before school? The Black Panther Party for Self Defense was found in October 1961. Black Panther Party was co-founded by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale to address police brutality in the Black community of Oakland, Ca. From History website: The program was simple: party members and volunteers went to local grocery stores to solicit donations, consulted with nutritionists on healthful breakfast. That started with a handful of kids and increased to hundreds. Other Black Panther Party offices in different parts of the country adopted the Breakfast Program too and was successful.
The Black Panther Party did not receive credit for the positive effort to feed children breakfast before school. Media and the powers-that-be wanted to paint the Black Panther Party in the worst light possible generating fear of Black men with large Afros and guns shouting “Black Power.” The head of the FBI, J Edgar Hoover, declared war on the Black Panther Party and stated the Breakfast Program is, “… potentially the greatest threat to efforts by authorities to neutralize the BPP and destroy what it stands for,” and allowed law enforcement to destroy the program. The Breakfast Program was so successful the government initiated breakfast program shortly after the demise of the Black Panther Party Breakfast Program.
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